The year 2018 was a tough year for the European fund industry. Despite headwinds from the markets and outflows from their actively managed peers, the promoters of ETFs in Europe enjoyed net inflows in every single month of the year 2018. These inflows, however, were not able to offset the negative impact from the underlying markets. As a result, the assets under management in the European ETF industry decreased from €656.8 bn as of December 31, 2017, to €633.1 bn at the end of December 2018. As mentioned above, the decrease of €23.7 bn for 2018 was driven by the